Nouns [1]

Nouns

[kata benda]

There are two main types of nouns: common nouns and proper nouns.

Ada dua bentuk umum kata benda dalam bahasa Inggris: common nouns and proper nouns.

Common Nouns

Words for people, places and things are called common nouns.

Kata untuk orang orang, tempat dan benda dalam bahasa Inggis disebut common nouns

These common nouns are words for things.

Contoh common nouns

Jika bukan kata pertama dalam kalimat, maka semua ditulis dengan huruf kecil

ruler chair    hammer   bicycle     truth        
pen   table   saw          ship       calculator     
crayons       sofa         axe         truck     
 television   pencil      loyalty       drill             
ferry          fridge       book        lamp     
ladder        train         cooker     dictionary     
 carpet       lawnmower             bus          
computer    courage      telephone     
spade         laziness          printer

These common nouns are words for animals.

Notice that special names for young animals are included.

Common noun untuk binatang dan anaknya

animal       its young

nama binatang        nama anaknya

dog                puppy

cat                 kitten

cow                 calf

horse              foal

sheep             lamb

goat                kid

frog              tadpole

animal       its young

fox                cub

elephant         calf

kangaroo        joey

bear               cub

lion               cub

tiger              cub

whale             calf

These common nouns are words for places.

Common noun untuk tempat

Bank              airport           hotel               
gas station      library            park                
museum          farm              mall     
zoo               theater           factory            
hospital        nursery            school            
post office      university   police station
office            restaurant       mosque           
supermarket    temple           stadium                 
 shop             synagogue      gym                
 church

These common nouns are words for people who do certain things.

Common nouns untuk orang dalam jabatan pekerjaannya

singer          manager        sailor      gardener        
dancer        secretary       pilot          police      
officer         artist              teacher    driver         
plumber     photographer  doctor       writer           
farmer        magician       dentist       friend             
clerk         athlete         lawyer     brother        
technician

Proper Nouns

The names of particular people, places and things are proper nouns.

Proper noun meliputi nama orang, nama benda, nama tempat

Contoh : pantai itu suatu tempat > common noun

Pantai Nongsa, atau Kuta itu nama pantai > proper noun

They always begin with a capital letter.

Proper noun selalu mulai ditulis dengan huruf besar / kapital 

These people’s names are proper nouns.

Nama orang adalah proper nouns

Robin Hood       Florence Nightingale      Mom        
Miss Park          Aladdin                 Muhammad Ali
Dad                  Mrs. Taylor          Frankenstein          
George Washington   Granny          Mr. Young

Harry Potter           David Beckham  Grandad
Dr. Lee                  Santa Claus       Julia Roberts 
Uncle David          Professor Raj       Mahatma Gandhi 
Nelson Mandela     Aunt Diana         Confucius              
Alex Rodriguez   Ms. Hall Yang Ming  
Mr. H. Widjayanto

The names of the days of the week and the months of the year are proper nouns.

Nama hari dan bulan adalah proper nouns

days of the week                      months

Monday                               January         July

Tuesday                              February        August

Wednesday                          March           September

Thursday                             April            October

Friday                                 May              November

Saturday                             June             December

Sunday

The names of special days and celebrations are also proper nouns.

Nama-nama hari raya atau hari khusus adalah proper nouns

New Year’s Day             Veterans' Day                
Mother’s Day                Thanksgiving                
 Independence Day        Memorial Day

Valentine’s Day             Halloween                     
Labor Day                    Christmas    
Ramadan                     Yom Kippur

The names of famous places, buildings and monuments are proper nouns.

Nama-nama bangunan, gedung, monument, tempat terkenal adalah proper nouns. Perhatikan penulisan the tetap huruf kecil, nama huruf besar

Big Ben                            the Empire State Building

the Sphinx                        the Taj Mahal

Graceland                         the Eiffel Tower

the Grand Canyon              the Golden Gate Bridge

the Sydney Opera House     the Great Wall of China

Buckingham Palace             Chaco Canyon Pueblo

the Leaning Tower of Pisa    the Statue of Liberty

Candi Borobudur               Monas

The names of people who live in a particular country are also proper nouns.

country            people

Negara                      kebangsaan

Afghanistan           Afghans   

Negara Afganistan            orang Afganistan

Australia               Australians

Britain                  the British

China                    the Chinese

France                  the French

Germany               Germans

India                    Indians

Indonesia              Indonesians

Italy                     Italians

Japan                    the Japanese

Korea                    Koreans

Malaysia                Malaysians

country            people

Samoa                  Samoans

New Zealand          New Zealanders

Pakistan                Pakistanis

the Philippines        Filipinos

Russia                   Russians

Nicaragua              Nicaraguans

South Africa           South Africans

Spain                    Spaniards

Switzerland           the Swiss

Thailand                Thais

USA                      Americans

Indonesia                          Indonesian

Vietnam                the Vietnamese
taken from Basic English Grammar, book 2 . Enriched and modified by Heppy Widjayanto